Liquid-treating system



Oct. 9, 1923. 1,469,804 J. F. MUSSELMAN LIQUID TREATING SYSTEM Filed March 25 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Arr-1 I n *r fj L 6 ,a g a INVENTOR f ay/w i/MJMAM Oct. 9, 1923. 1,469,804-

J. F. MUSSELMAN LIQUID TREATING SYSTEM Filed March 25, 1920 2 sheets-sum 2 1 6/ /4 I e I l I .1 I 15*) JOSE/ H/FM/JJZ'ZMAN Patented -on. 9,1923.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH F. MUSSELMAN, OF BRONXVILLE, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO ANTI-CORROSION ENGINEERING COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

LIQUID-TREATING srs'rnivr.

a Applicationfiledlvfareh 25,1920, Serial No, 368,803.

e To all whom 2'2? may concern: I 7

Be it known that I, JosErrrF. MUSS'EL- MAN, a citizen of theUnited States, and resident or Bronxville, in the county of VVestchester and State of New York, have in \"en ted certain new and useful Improvements in Liquid-Treating Systems, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to the treatment of liquidscontaining free oxygen or other corrosive gases so asto remove the corrosive gases from the liquid, either wholly or in part, and thereby overcome and prevent or lessen the Corrosive action of such gases on thesurfaces of metal vessels and pipes or conduits in which the liquid is contained and is conveyed from one locality to' 'another. "t The invention particularly relates to the removal of dissolved or free oxygen or other corrosive gases from water so as to deaerate the water andthereby reduceor eliminate corrosion .on the surface of the metal containers or conduits used in handling the water. Y 7 -While not limited to such uses, my invention is particularly applicable for use in the de-aerat-ion of the water used in hot water heating systems, such as the hot wa ter supply for hotels, apartment houses, office buildings, dwellings and the like, and deaeration of the water used I in hot water andsteam heating plants and in steam gen erating plants ice making plants .and for similar industrial uses. a

It has been established clearly that th -corrosive properties of water, particularly when; heated are due to the presence of the dissolved oxygen and otherrdissolved gases contained in the water. It is also well known that the'corrosive action of these gases in'the water causes rapid deterioration of the systerns and is the source of considerable troubleand asource of the frequent repairs necessary in maintaining such systems in operative condition and, therefore, the cause of great expense required for upkeep of such apparatus. 7

It is also well known that thepresence of free ;or dissolved gasesfin water prevent proper. congealing. and solidification of the --ice in manufacturing ice,- V

' One, object of ny invention is the-prd vision of novel'means whereby liquids or a mixture of liquids andgases is deaerete so as to remove dissolved oxygen and similar corrosive gases from the liquids and thereby substantially eliminate corrosion of the metal surfaces of the heating and storage vessels and piping entering into the construction of systems for heating and handling such liquids. i

Another object of the invention is the provision of improved means whereby the separation of dissolved oxygen and similar corrosive gases from water and like liquids is easily and quickly accomplished, and whereby the separation of the gases from the liquid is effected under a gradually reducing head and without efi'ervescence.

Still further objects of the invention will i be made apparent by reference to the drawings and detailed description of theinvention and to the appended claims forming part of the specification.

Referring now to the drawings, which are largely diagrammatic, -r"orming part of this specification, Figure l is a sectional elevation showing one arrangement of a water heating and distributing system embodying my invention, and applied for use as a hot water supply system in accordance with my invention.

Figure Qis an elevation, partly in section, of a portion of the apparatus of Figure 1,

showing a modification, in which a thermostatic regulator is provided on the hot waterriserconnccting the hotwater heater or generator with the heat exchanger and deaerating tank of the apparatus. 7

Figure 3 is a side elevation showing de; tails of further modifications in the con struction of the deaerating apparatus of Figure 1 r v Figure 4 is anelevation showing another modification in the construction of the deaerating apparatus, which is adapted for use in practicing my invention.

Figure, 5 is a side elevation showing a further modification, having a vacuum iorming mechanism applied to the deaerating apparatus in accordance with my invention.

, In the accompanying drawings, the, numeral 2 designates a hot water heating tank, whioh'm'ay be of any approved design, and which may be heated in any desired manner, but which preferably is heated by means of a steam heating coil 3 arranged aslshown Figure l. The heater 2 is providedw th ,pipes 7 formingthe hot Water distributing a. hot water outlet which is connected to the lower end of the vertical pipe or riser 4',

which opens, at its upper end, into the upperend of a. tank 5, forming the combined deaerator' and heatexchanger;

of my improved apparatus. The tank 5 has an outlet which is connected to system. Each riser or pipe 7 has aseries of taps or faucetsS which-are located at conv "From the foregoing and venient points in the length of the pipes 7. The upper end of each riser 7 is connected to the upper end of a, circulation or return pipe 9', the lower ends ofthe return pipes 9 being connected'to a main circulationor return pipe 10, and the discharge end ofthe main. return 10 opens intothe bottom portion of the heating tank 2.

by reference to the arrows in Figurel, it will be seen that circulation of the water through the entire system is maintained at allitimes, and that. even when no water is being withdrawn from the taps 8, the water will. be caused to flow through the system. The water-as it becomes heated in the heating tank 2,

' through the medium of the steam heating livered p [and heat exchanger 5.

coil 3, .willrise in the-pipe etand willbe deinto the top of the deaerator Theslightly colder water in the bottom 'oft'he deaeratorfi will descend through the return pipe 6 and be delivered to the supply mains 7 in readiness for use when desired. The water also will (low from the upper ends of the supply main 7 downwa-rdly through the smaller circulation pipes 9 and return main 10 and'again reach the heating tank 2. Suitable valves I (not shown) willjhe provided on the piping nection with my improved at the necessary points so as to enable the water to be removed and the entire system drained when required. a

An elevated storage tank 11, forming, a

source of cold water supply for the water heating system, preferably is used in conapparatus. When employed this tank will be located at such elevation as will deliver water by gravity through the pipe 12 to the 'deaerating tank 5 in a manner similar to that shown in t Figure 1. Obviously, however, the water may be pumped into the elevated deaerating tank 5,- when found necessary or desirable. A regulating valve 13 on the pipe 12 con h 6 trols' the flow of water from'the storage tank 11'to1 the deaerator and heat exchanger 5. This valve is connected by the'levers l5 and .17 androd 16 to a float in the fioat'chamber 14 or chamber mounted onthe side of the tank 5, so that when thewater fallls'beloiv the level X in the tank 5', the float will be arranged to. deliver-the cold water to thetank 5 at a point about at the waterllevel V V maintained in the tank, this discharge end of the supply pipe 12 extending vertlc-ally upward within the-tank fi from a pointnear 1 the bottom of the tank (See Figure: 1.)

By so ar'rangingthe inlet end of the water supply'pipe', the head of the entering water is gradually reduced and thewater emerges from the pipe 12 into the tanks5 under lit.-

tle or no head and. without causing; effervescence or any considerableagltation of-the 7 body of water within the t The upper end of the tank 5' is connected by a: pipe 18 tothe inlet of. anair or gas tank 19;and this air or gas tankyldis pro vided onits upper end with an air" or gas.

trap 20 and vent orescape 21 through which the gases removed from the: water escape and pass freely into the atmosphere.

' In the modified apparatus of Figure 2 the steam heating coil 3 by which the'water. in

the heating tank 2 is heatedis provided'with I a regulating valve 22 on the inlet side of the coil 3; and a thermostatj23 on the hot water supply pipe 6 leading from. the deaerating tank 5 is operatively connected by the pipe 24 to theregulating valve 22: so that the heating of the water in the heating tank 2. may he automaticallycontrolled and the waterin the system maintained at a predetermined temperature.

In the modification shown 1n Figure 3a power driven circulating pump 25 is providedron the pipe 6' leading from the tank 5 to pump the heated anddeoxidized or'deaerated water from thetank into the pipes or risers 7 In this modified construction a diaphragm regulatmgvalve 26" also is pro vided on the riser-'4; adjacent to the hot I 7 water inlet of thetank 5, and this valve 26* is operatively connected by the pipe 27 to a thermostat 29 in the tank 5 near the; water level established in the tank 5 so as to automatically regulate and control the hot wa ter supply totthe tank 5 by the temperature of the water in this tank.

Imam modification shown in Figural the vertical pipe 12? of Figures 1 and 3 is replaced by a pipe coil 12', its upper end opening into the tank 5 at or slightlybelow the water level inthe tank Byusin the coil 12, amore effective-exchange of eat between the body of heated water in the tank and the cold waterentering from the storage tank 1 1 is obtained while the small bubbles of oxygen in the incoming water vwillquickly reacha pointon theinne surface of the" coil and will then travel on, the

Y on the 'upper end of the vent 21 of the air the cold watersupply tank 11 into the tank 5.

The modification of Figure 5 is adapted for use with theapparatus ofFigure Land comprises a vaeuumproducing mechanism or gas trap 20. The vent 21 is connected by the pipe 31 to the inlet end of a vacuum pump 32, and a check valve 33 on the pipe 7 31 prevents back flow'through the pipe 31 supply 4. 7

and vent 21 into the upper end of the tank The vacuum pump 32 and its associatec parts are adapted to maintain a slight vacuum in the space above the level of the water in the tank 5, so as to thereby hasten the deaeration of the water entering the tank 5. J In practicing my invention with the apparatus of Figures 1 and 2, the heating tank 2 and deaerator 5 and connecting piping will be filled with cold water from the stor age tank 11, and enough water will be pumped into the tank 11 to refill it. Steam which may be live or exhauststeam, will be admitted to the heating coil 3 in the heating tank 2 in commencing the water heating opera "tion. The water, as it starts to heat, will rise inthe supply main 4' and will gradually displace the colder water in the tank 5. The

r displaced-water flows downwardly into the supply main 6 and then into the series of risers 7 forming the hot water supply main, and finally flows through the series oi circulation pipes 9 and circulation main 10 and again passes into the heating tank 2 to replace the water flowing upwardly in the This, as will be readily seen, starts a circulation through the system which will'be maintained so long as steam is supplied to the heating coil 3 of the heating tank.

' The water does not rise above the established level in the combined deaerating and heat exchanging tank 5. As the water filling the system gradually becomesheated and a circulation is establishedthroughthe system, thedissolved oxygen in the water is freed 1n the deaerating tank-5 and will pass 7 from the space above the water'le'vel ot the tank 5 into the air or gas tank 19, and then escape through the air or gas trap 20 and vent 21 into the atmosphere.

lVhen hot water is withdrawn, as is frequently, if not continually dcne,-from one or more'of the numerous taps or faucets 8 on the distributing pipes 7, the level of the.

heated water in the tank 5 will be lowered.

When this occurs the float in the float chain-V ber 14 will sink with the lowered water level, and, through the levers 15 and 17 and ranged to the regulating valve 13 on the water supply pipe 12, which connects the storage tank 11 with the cold water inlet of the tank 5. When the valve 13 opens, cold water will flow from the tank 11 into the deaerating and heat exchanging tank 5 until the. water in this tank again reaches the predetermined level X, and the float in'the chamber 14 will gradually lift and close the valve 13 and shut ofi the cold water supply. In flowing into the tank 5 from the tank 11 the water travels through the pipe 12 and is gradually heated therein and the entering water is discharged into the open space above the level X of the water in the tank under a very slight head or pressure which enables collections of OX- ygen to easily and quickly separate from the water and pass upwardly and out of the vent 21 of the apparatus. 3

The modifications shown in Figures: 2 to 5 are all in the form of additions to the apparatus of Figure 1,0f which any or all may be employed. I

It should be noted that all of the wate which passes from the supply tank 11 must pass through the deaerator and heat exchanger '5 to reach the main pipe 6 leading to the pipes 7 of the hot water. distributing system, so that the fresh water is always deaerated to lessen or eliminate its corrosive properties before entering the system. It will also be seen that all of the water entering the heating tank 2 is caused to cir culate through the pipes 7 of the hot water distributing system and through the circulation pipes 9 and 10, and is, therefore, thoroughly deaerated before passing into the heating tank.

While the-drawings show several forms of applying myinvention, I do not wish to be limited thereto, as the drawings are sim: ply illustrative, to enable'others skilled in the art to understand my invention, and

numerous changescan be made in the construction and arrangement 01" the apparatus without'departing from the spirit and scope or" my invention'as defined in the appended claims. 1

I claim 1. A liquid treatingsystem comprising a heating tank, a deaerator for separatino dissolved gases :trom the liquid, piping IOTl11- ing circulating means for conducting heated liquid from the heating tank to the deaerator, and means tor supplying additions of liquid to the system, said liquid supplying means being constructed and arconduct' the added liquid through the body otheated liquid within the vdeae'rator to a point slightly below the liquid level, to thereby partly heat the additions, of liquid prior to the mixing thereof with the'heated liquid in said system.

2. A llquid treating system comprising a heating tank, a deaerator for separating dis solved gases from the liquid,piping forming circulating means for conducting heated liquid from the heating tank to the deaerator, and means for supplying additions of. liquid to the system, said liquid supplying means comprisinga supply tank elevated above said deaerator, a pipe extending and extending upwardly so that its outletis i is:

downwardly from said supply tank and entering said ClCfiOlRtO1;l(l]3C8I1h its bottom slightly below the liquid levelfof said deaerator, to thereby conduct the added liquid supply through the body of heated liquid Within the de'aerator, heatingthe additions of liquid prior to the mixing thereof With the heated liquid and (lGllJOIlIlg said supply/of liquidunder little or no head,

a and eliminating any considerable agitation and efi'ervescenceof the body of Water Within the deaerator.

A liquid treating system comprising a heatmg tank, adeaerator lor separating" matically regulating-the addition of liquid to the system. i y r I 4.. A liquid. treating system comprising a heating tank, a. (Leaerator for separating dissolved gases from the liquid, piping forming circulating means for conducting liquid. from] the heating tank to the deaerator andfrom the deaerator to the heating tank, means for supplying additions of liquid tothe system, said liquid supplying means being constructed and-arranged 'to'des liver the added liquid into the upper end of said deaerator through the body otliquid within the deaerator, and means controlled by the temperature vof the liquidin said deaerator for automatically regulating the circulation of liquid through the system.

5. A'liquid treating system comprising a heating tank, a deaerato'rfor separating dissolved'gases from the liquld, piping formmg circulating means for conducting. liquid from the generator to the deaerator and from thefdeaerator to the generator, means for automatically supplying additions of liquid to the system, said liquid supplying means being constructed and arranged to deliver the added liquid into the upper end of said deaerator, through the body of liquid within the deaerator, and meanscontrolled by the temperature of, the liquid in the deaerator, forautomatically regulating the supply of liquid from the heating tank to the deaerator.

6-. A liquid treating system comprising a heatingtank, a deaerator for separating dissolved gases from the liquid, piping forming circulating means for conducting liquid from theheating tank to the deaerator and from the deaerator to the heating "tank,

means for supplying additions of liquid to Y the system, said liquid supplying means beingconstructed and arranged to deliver the added liquid into the upper end'oit said deaerator through the body of liquidwithin the; deaerator, means for heating the liquid in said heating tank, and means controlled by thetemperature of the'liquid in the system for automatically regulating the degree oit'rheating of the liquid in said heating tanle 7, A liquid treating system comprising a.

heating tank, a. deaerator for separatingdis solved gases'from the liquid, piping form ing circulating nieansfor conducting liquidfrom the heating tank to the deaerator and from the deaerator to the heating tank, means for supplying additions of liquid to the system, said liquid supplying means, being constructed and arranged'to deliver the added liquidinto the upper end of said deaerator through the body of liquid With-in the deaerator, means controlled by the rise and fall of the liquid level Within the deaerator for automatically regulating the volume of-liquid added tothe system, and means controlled by the temperature of the liquid in the system for automatically regulating the circulation of liquid through thesystem.

8. liquid treating system comprising a heating tank, a deaerator forseparatingdis solved gases from the liquid, piping forming circulating means for conducting liquid from the heating tank LO the de'aerator and from thedeaerator to the heating; tank,

.:means for supplying additions of liquid to the system, said liquid sup'plyingQxiaeans being-constructed and arranged to deliver the added liquid into the upper'end of said deaeratorthrou'gh the'body of heated liquid within the. deaerator, means controlled by 'the rise and fall of the liquid levelwithin the deaer'ator for automatically regulating the volume of liquid added' to the system, and means controlled by the temperature ofthe liquid in the deaerator for automatically regulating the circulation of liquidthrough the system; V I v 9. A liquid treating systemv comprising a heatlng tank, a deaera-tor for separating dissolved gases from the liquid, piping forming circulating meansf 'for conducting liquid from theheating tank itothe deaerator; and

from'tlie deaeratorto the heating tank, means for supplying additionsof liquid to the systern, said liquid supplying means being constructed and arranged to deliver the added liquid into the upper end of said deaerator, through the body of liquid within the deaerator, means controlled by the rise and fall of the liquid level within the deaerator for automatically regulating the volume of liquid added to the system, means controlled by the temperature of the liquid in the deaerator for automatically regulating the circulation of liquid through the system, means for heating the liquid in said heating tank and means gontrolled by'the temperature ofthe liquid in the system for automatically regulating the degree of heating of the liquid in said heating tank.

10. A liquid treating system comprising a heating tank, a deaerator for separating dis solved gases from the liquid, piping forming circulating means for conducting liquid from the heating tank to the deaerator and from the deaerator to the heating tank, means for supplying additions of liquid to the system, said liquid supplying means be ing constructed and arranged to deliver the added liquid into the upper end 01 said deaerator, through the body of heated liquid within the deaerator, means controlled by the rise and fall of the liquid level within the deaerator ior automatically regulating the volume of liquid added to the system, means for heating the liquid in said heating tank and means controlled by the temperature of the liquid in the system for automatically regulating the degree of heating of the liquid in said system.

11. A liquid treating system comprising a heating tank, a deaerator for separating dissolved gases from the liquid, piping forming circulating means for conducting liquid from the heating tank to the deaerator and from the deaerator to the heating tank, means tor'supplying additions of liquid to'the system, said liquid supplying means being constructed and arranged todeliver the added liquid into'the upper end of said deaerator through the body or" liquid within the deaerator, and a vacuum producing mecha nism on said deaerator whereby partial vacuum is maintained above the liquidin the deaerator. V r

12. The combination with a water service system, having a hot water heating tank, a

and a gas tank and gas trap in communicatlon with the upperend ofsald deaerating tank arranged to permit the escape of gases freed from the water 1n said deaerating tank. 13; A hot'water system comprislng, a hot 'water heating tank, an outlet pipe leading from said heatmg tank to a heat exchanger and deaerating tank, a gas vent on said deaerating tank, a cold water shpply for said deaerating tank, means for automatically regu lating the flow of cold water from said supply into said deaerating tank, an outlet pipe leading from said deaerating tank to a dis from said system to said hot water heating tank and arranged to establish a circulation of Water through the system. a

' 14, A hot water system comprising a hot water heating tank, an outlet pipe leading from said heating tank to a heat exchanger and deaerating tank, a gas vent on said deaerating tank, a cold water supply for said deaerating tank, means for automatically regulating the flow of cold Water "from said supply into said dcaerating tank, an outlet pipe leading from said deaerating tank to a distributing system, a return pipe leading from said system to said heating tank, and

'means for withdrawing the deaerated hot water from said system.

1."). A water treating system comprising a heating tank, a deaerator for separating dissolved oxygen from the water, piping forming circulating means for conducting water from the heating tank to the deaerator and from the deaerator to the heating tank,

means for supplying additions of water to the system, said water supplying means being constructed and arranged to deliver the added water through the body of heated Water Within the deaerator into the upper end of said deaerator, means controlled by the rise and fall of the water level within the deaerator for automatically regulating the volume of water added to the system, means controlled by the temperature oi the water in the deaerator for automatically regulating the circulation of water through the deaerator, means for heating the water in said heating tank, and means controlled by the temperature of the water in said system for antomatically regulating the degree of heating of the water in said system. t

16. A liquid treating system comprising, a heating tank, a deaeator for separating dissolved gases from the liquid, a pipe connecting said deaerator and said heating tank, and other piping leading from said deaerator and returning to said heating tank, forming a circulating system, a gas tank and air trap in communication with the upper end of said deaerator for allowing the escape of the separated dissolved gases from the liquid in said deaerator, and means for supplying additional liquid to the system, said liquid supplying means being constructed and arranged to conduct the added liquid through the body of heated liquid within the deaerator to a point slightly below the liquid level to thereby partlyheat the additions of liquid priorto the mixing thereof with the heated iquid in said system.

17.A liquid treating system comprising a tributing system, and 'a return pipe leading heating tank, a deaerator for separating dissolved gases from the liquid, a pipe connect- 7 ing said deaerator and said heating tank and dng additional liquid to the system, said solved liquid supplying means being constructed and arranged to conduct the added liquid through the body of heated liquid within the deaerator to a point slightly below the liquid level to thereby partly heat the additions of liquid prior to the mixing thereof with the heated liquid in said system.

18. A liquid treating system comprising a heating tank, a deaerator for separating dis solved gases from the liquid, a pipe connecting said deaerator and said heating tank and other piping leading from said deaerator, and returning to said heating tank forming a circulating system, a gas tank and gas trap in communication with the upper end of said deaerator for allowing the escape of the separated dissolved gases from the liquid in said deaerator, and means for supplying additions of liquid to the system, said liquid supplying means comprising, a supply tank elevated above said'deaerator, a pipe extending downwardly from said supply tank and entering said deaerator adjacent its bottom and extending upwardly so that its outlet is slightly below the liquid level of said deaerator, to thereby conduct the added liquid supply through the body of heated liquid within the deaerator, heating the additions of liquid prior to the mixing thereof with the heated liquid and delivering saidsupply of liquid'under -ittle or no head and eliminating any considerable agitation and efi'erveseence of the body of water within the deaerator. 1

-19. A liquid treating system comprising a heating tank, a deaerator for separating dissolved gases from the liquid, a pipe communicating with the top of said heating tank and slightly below the top of said deaerator and other piping leading from adjacent the bottom of said deaerator and returning to the heating tank "forming a circulating sys tem, a gas tank and gas trap in communication with the upper end of said deaerator for allowing the escape of the separated disgases from the liquid in said deaerator, and means for supplying additional liquid to the system, said liquid supplying means being' constructed and ar- .deaerator.

ranged to conduct the addedliquid through the body of heated liquid within the deaerator to a point slightly below the liquid level to thereby artly heat the additions of liquid prior to tie mixing thereof with the heated liquid in said system.

20. A liquid treating system comprising, a heating tank, a deaerator for separating dissolved gases from the liquid, a'pipe communicating with the top of said heating tank and slightly below the top of said deaerator and other piping leading from adjacent the bottom of said deaerator and returning to the heating tank forming a circulating system, and means for supplying additional liquid to the system, said liquid supplying means being constructed and arranged to conduct the added liquid through the body of heated liquid within the deaerator to a point slightly below the liquid level to thereby partly heat the additions of liquid prior to the mixing thereof with the heated liquid in'said system. p

21. A liquid treating system comprisin a heating tank, a .deaerator for separating issolved gases from the liquid, .a pipe commlmicating with the top of said heating tank and slightly below the top of said :deaerator .and other piping leading-from adjacent the bottom of said deaerator and returning .to the heating tank forming a circulating system, a gas tank and gas trap in communication with the upperend of said deaerator for allowing the escape of the separated dissolved gases from the liquid in said deaerator, and means for supplying additions of liquid to the system, said liquid -supplying means comprising a supply tank elevated above said deaerator, a pipe extending downwardly from said supply tank and entering said deaerator adjacent its bottom and extending upwardly so that its outlet is slightly below the liquid level of Sfllddfilfll ator, ,to thereby conduct the added liquid supply through the body of heated "liquid within the deaerator,heating the additions of liquid prior to the mixing thereof with the heated liquid and deliveringsaid supply of liquid under little or no head, and elim- .inating any considerable agitation and eifervescence of the body of water within the JOSEPH FQMUSSEL AN, 

